![negative reinforcement negative reinforcement](http://werkstatt.fuelthemes.net/werkstatt-agency-digital/wp-content/uploads/sites/19/2016/10/menu-7.jpg)
#NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT DRIVER#
The driver sees that the speed limit is 55 mph, but decides to go 65 mph so that they can get to work on time. Imagine that someone is driving to work and is running late. One example of negative reinforcement that often appears in adult life involves driving. For example in one of Skinner’s experiments a rat had to press a lever to stop receiving an electric shock. Negative reinforcement occurs when performing an action stops something unpleasant from happening. Thus, negative reinforcement is not intended to reinforce negative, or undesirable behavior (Dozier, Foley, Goddard, & Jess, 2019). It is this removal of a stimulus that is intended to strengthen a desirable behavior. The word "negative" in the phrase, "negative reinforcement" means simply to "take something away. If the consequences are pleasant they repeat the behaviour but if the consequences are unpleasant they do not repeat the behaviour. When humans and animals act on and in their environment consequences follow these behaviours. Skinner argued that learning is an active process. Negative reinforcement is a basic principle of Skinner's operant conditioning, which focuses on how animals and humans learn by observing the consequences of their own actions (Dozier, Foley, Goddard, & Jess, 2019). Negative reinforcement refers to the process of removing an unpleasant stimulus after thedesired behavior is displayed, in order to increase the likelihood of that behavior being repeated. Negative reinforcement can be effective, but scholars generally agree that it must be used sparingly, and is best for reinforcing short-term behaviors.Escape learning occurs when an animal performs a behavior to end an aversive stimulus, while avoidance learning involves performing a behavior to prevent the aversive stimulus. There are two types of negative reinforcement: escape and avoidance learning.If an organism is exposed to an aversive situation, and the termination of that situation is made contingent upon some response, then we say that the organism is being negatively reinforced.Skinner, an undesirable stimulus is removed to increase a behavior. In negative reinforcement, first devised by B.